Numbers
Hello everyone,
today we are going to look at the Korean numbers and learn how to use them! :)
In the beginning, let's start with the knowledge that there are two types of Korean numbers - one we call: Native-Korean numbers and the second: Sino-Korean numbers.
Yes, it's rare to have two number systems (related to Chinese influence), but it is what it is. The most important information for us is that we need to learn both: Sino and Native numbers to be able to count and express numbers in Korean.
Let's start with the simple rule:
We do use Sino-Korean numbers, regarding:
- minutes
- days
- months
- years
- money
- phone numbers
The Native-Korean numbers are mainly for counting things. Also, we are using native numbers up to 99 only.
Regarding counting, there are also one or two specialties that I'm going to focus on in another post, but for now, let's learn about the numbers!
Up to 10!
Native numbers:
1 – 하나 – hana (sometimes you may hear 한 instead)
2 – 둘 – dul
3 – 셋 – set
4 – 넷 – net
5 – 다섯 – daseot
6 – 여섯 – yeoseot
7 – 일곱 – ilgob
8 – 여덟 – yeodeol
9 – 아홉 – ahop
10 – 열 – yeol
Sino numbers:
0 – 영 – young
1 – 일 – il
2 – 이 – ee
3 – 삼 – sam
4 – 사 – sa
5 – 오 – oh
6 – 육 – yook
7 – 칠 – chil
8 – 팔 – pal
9 – 구 – gu
10 – 십 – ship
What I would suggest is to learn up to 10 for both Korean number systems, to be able to act in most of the common real-life situations as those can be the most useful.
How is it with zero?
There are two (3) different ways how to say zero. The first one is 영 (yeong) and the other one is 공 (gong).
영 (yeong) - we are using in math / when do we want to express the numbers with a decimal point, or in the 24 hours system.
공 (gong) - is being used for phone numbers.
Also, there is a 3rd way, how to say zero via Konglish; 제로 (jelo).
Double digits
Sino numbers:
To be able to form double-digit numbers we just need to add the number from 1 to 10!
For example: 11 - 십일 - (sib-il), where 십 stands for 10 and if we add 일, then we have 1 - together as 십일 = 11.
How do we type 31?
삼십일 - 3 - 10 - 1 (sam - sib - il) - thats it! :)
Here is the whole sino list - up to 100:
1 일 - il
2 이 - i
3 삼 - sam
4 사 - sa
5 오 - o
6 육 - yuk
7 칠 - chil
8 팔 - pal
9 구 - gu
10 십 - sip
11 십일 - sibil
12 십이 - sibi
13 십삼 - sipsam
14 십사 - sipsa
15 십오 - sipo
16 십육 - sipyuk
17 십칠 - sipchil
18 십팔 - sippal
19 십구 - sipgu
20 이십 - isip
21 이십일 - isipil
22 이십이 - isipi
23 이십삼 - isipsam
24 이십사 - isipsa
25 이십오 - isipo
26 이십육 - isipyuk
27 이십칠 - isipchil
28 이십팔 - isippal
29 이십구 - isipgu
30 삼십 - samsip
31 삼십일 - samsipil
32 삼십이 - samsipi
33 삼십삼 - samsipsam
34 삼십사 - samsipsa
35 삼십오 - samsipo
36 삼십육 - samsipyuk
37 삼십칠 - samsipchil
38 삼십팔 - samsippal
39 삼십구 - samsipgu
40 사십 - sasip
41 사십일 - sasipil
42 사십이 - sasipi
43 사십삼 - sasipsam
44 사십사 - sasipsa
45 사십오 - sasipo
46 사십육 - sasipyuk
47 사십칠 - sasipchil
48 사십팔 - sasippal
49 사십구 - sasipgu
50 오십 - osip
51 오십일 - osipil
52 오십이 - osipi
53 오십삼 - osipsam
54 오십사 - osipsa
55 오십오 - osipo
56 오십육 - osipyuk
57 오십칠 - osipchil
58 오십팔 - osippal
59 오십구 - osipgu
60 육십 - yuksip
61 육십일 - yuksipil
62 육십이 - yuksipi
63 육십삼 - yuksipsam
64 육십사 - yuksipsa
65 육십오 - yuksipo
66 육십육 - yuksipyuk
67 육십칠 - yuksipchil
68 육십팔 - yuksippal
69 육십구 - yuksipgu ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
70 칠십 - chilsip
71 칠십일 - chilsipil
72 칠십이 - chilsipi
73 칠십삼 - chilsipsam
74 칠십사 - chilsipsa
75 칠십오 - chilsipo
76 칠십육 - chilsipyuk
77 칠십칠 - chilsipchil
78 칠십팔 - chilsippal
79 칠십구 - chilsipgu
80 팔십 - palsip
81 팔십일 - palsipil
82 팔십이 - palsipi
83 팔십삼 - palsipsam
84 팔십사 - palsipsa
85 팔십오 - palsipo
86 팔십육 - palsipyuk
87 팔십칠 - palsipchil
88 팔십팔 - palsippal
89 팔십구 - palsipgu
90 구십 - gusip
91 구십일 - gusipil
92 구십이 - gusipi
93 구십삼 - gusipsam
94 구십사 - gusipsa
95 구십오 - gusipo
96 구십육 - gusipyuk
97 구십칠 - gusipchil
98 구십팔 - gusippal
99 구십구 - gusipgu
100 백 - baek
…how about two digits for native numbers?
Native numbers:
Luckily, it's pretty much the same where do we stack the numbers.
For example: 11 -열하나 (yeolhana), 열 for 10, and 하나 for 1, together as 11!
We also need to know "tens" to be able to continue with the larger figures.
Here is the list of tens:
10 - 열 - yeol
20 - 스물 - seumul
30 - 서른 - seoreun
40 - 마흔 - maheun
50 - 쉰 - swin
60 - 예순 - yesun
70 - 일흔 - ilheun
80 - 여든 - yeodeun
90 - 아흔 - aheun
How do we type 31 as a native number?
Let's see the table above, where we are going to focus on 30 - 서른, now we want to add 1 - 하나, and together as 서른하나 (seoreunhana) = 31.
That's it! :)
Here is the whole native list - up to 100:
1 하나 - hana
2 둘 - dul
3 셋 - set
4 넷 - net
5 다섯 - daseot
6 여섯 - yeoseot
7 일곱 - ilgop
8 여덟 - yeodeol
9 아홉 - ahop
10 열 - yeol
11 열하나 - yeolhana
12 열둘 - yeoldul
13 열셋 - yeoset
14 열넷 - yeolnet
15 열다섯 - yeoldaseot
16 열여섯 - yeolyeoseot
17 열일곱 - yeolilgob
18 열여덟 - yeolyeodeol
19 열아홉 - yeolahop
20 스물 - seumul
21 스물하나 - seumulhana
22 스물둘 - seumuldul
23 스물셋 - seumulset
24 스물넷 - seumulnet
25 스물다섯 - seumuldaseot
26 스물여섯 - seumulyeoseot
27 스물일곱 - seumulilgop
28 스물여덟 - seumulyeodeol
29 스물아홉 - seumulahop
30 서른 - seoreun
31 서른하나 - seoreunhana
32 서른둘 - seoreundul
33 서른셋 - seoreunset
34 서른넷 - seoreunnet
35 서른다섯 - seoreundaseot
36 서른여섯 - seoreunyeoseot
37 서른일곱 - seoreunilgop
38 서른여덟 - seureunyeodeol
39 서른아홉 - seureunahop
40 마흔 - maheun
41 마흔하나 - maheunhana
42 마흔둘 - maheundul
43 마흔셋 - maheunset
44 마흔넷 - maheunnet
45 마흔다섯 - maheundaseot
46 마흔여섯 - maheunyeoseot
47 마흔일곱 - maheunilgop
48 마흔여덟 - maheunyeodeol
49 마흔아홉 - maheunahop
50 쉰 - swin
51 쉰하나 - swinhana
52 쉰둘 - swindul
53 쉰셋 - swinset
54 쉰넷 - swinnet
55 쉰다섯 - swindaseot
56 쉰여섯 - swinyeoseot
57 쉰일곱 - swinilgop
58 쉰여덟 - swinyeodeol
59 쉰아홉 - swinahop
60 예순 - yesun
61 예순하나 - yesunhana
62 예순둘 - yesundul
63 예순셋 - yesunset
64 예순넷 - yesunnet
65 예순다섯 - yesundaseot
66 예순여섯 - yesunyeoseot
67 예순일곱 - yesunilgop
68 예순여덟 - yesunyeodeol
69 예순아홉 - yesunahop
70 일흔 - ilheun
71 일흔하나 - ilheunhana
72 일흔둘 - ilheundul
73 일흔셋 - ilheunset
74 일흔넷 - ilheunnet
75 일흔다섯 - ilheundaseot
76 일흔여섯 - ilheunyeoseot
77 일흔일곱 - ilheunilgop
78 일흔여덟 - ilheunyeodeol
79 일흔아홉 - ilheunahop
80 여든 - yeodeun
81 여든하나 - yeodeunhana
82 여든둘 - yeodeundul
83 여든셋 - yeodeunset
84 여든넷 - yeodeunnet
85 여든다섯 - yeodeundaseot
86 여든여섯 - yeodeunyeoseot
87 여든일곱 - yeodeunilgop
88 여든여덟 - yeodeunyeodeol
89 여든아홉 - yeodeunahop
90 아흔 - aheun
91 아흔하나 - aheunhana
92 아흔둘 - aheundul
93 아흔셋 - aheunset
94 아흔넷 - aheunnet
95 아흔다섯 - aheundaseot
96 아흔여섯 - aheunyeoseot
97 아흔일곱 - aheunilgop
98 아흔여덟 - aheunyeodeol
99 아흔아홉 - aheunahop
100 백 - baek
Let's remember that Native numbers are up to 99. From the number 100, we continue with the Sino-Korean number system! :)
Do we want to know how to continue with even larger figures? Let's find out!
Thousands, millions and even more
A good thing is coming here, as we have only one system left which is the Sino-Korean number system.
First of all, before we may express even larger values, we need to know how to say hundreds, thousands, millions and even more.
Here is the list of what we need:
100 - 백 - baek
1.000 - 천 - cheon
10.000 - 만 - man
100.000 - 십만 - simman
1.000.000 - 백만 - baekman
10.000.000 - 천만 - cheonman
100.000.000 - 일억 - ireok
1.000.000.000 - 십억 - sibeok
1.000.000.000.000 - 일조 - iljo
Example:
Let's try to type 321, a little guess here, it's quite similar to 2 digit figures but in this case, we are going to use the table above.
321 = 삼백이십일 = sambaeg-isib-il, 삼백 = 300, 이십 = 20, 일 = 1, together as 321! :)
Also, it's good to know, how to type values starting with one hundred for example: 123 - as there is no 일백, but 백이십삼 instead! :)
Let's go even bigger!
Feel free to review the table above with hundreds, thousands, and millions of values to find out how they stack.
Example:
If we want to say 100.000, then we are going to use a combination of 십 - shib (10) and 만 - man (10.000) = together as 십만 (shibman) = 100.000
Let's try to write: 542452 = 오십사만이천사백오십이
What if we add another figure: 7 542452 = 칠백 오십사만이천사백오십이
…pretty long, right?
In conclusion
Congratulations, you have made it so far and you should be able to use/read the Korean numbers - both, native and sino! :)
Based on today's lesson we are able to see how important is to learn Korean numbers up to 10, with additional zeros, tens, hundreds, thousands, millions, and more.
I hope we are going to benefit from today's lesson, be able to work with numbers, and use both native and sino figures.
See you next time, thank you! :)
KR,
LR
Updated: 09/04/2022 (DD/MM/YYYY)
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